Stavropol area. A historical-geographic region regarding Russian Federation located in the central area regarding Subcaucasia, between the Kuban Lake (and you can Kuban area) on the western, the fresh Terek region towards the southeast, the latest Don part to your north, the fresh Kalmyk Independent Republic to your northeast, therefore the places of your Caucasian slope peoples towards the south and you will southwest. The brand new Stavropol area generally corresponds when you look at the area towards the former Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 line, 59,five-hundred sq . kilometres) together with afterwards Stavropol krai, quicker the brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq . km).
Actual geography. The major part of the Stavropol area are filled by Stavropol Upland; new minor piece features areas of the fresh new Caspian Lowland regarding east, the latest Kuma-Manych Anxiety on the northern, as well as the hills of your own Caucasus Mountains regarding southwestern. This new environment of the Stavropol region is actually transitional, out-of moderate continental regarding west to dryer and more continental about east. The bigger ones are the Yegorlyk (and this circulates with the Manych), the latest Kalaus, the new Kuma, and Kuban and its upper tributaries, the fresh new Velykyi Zelenchuk as well as the Malyi Zelenchuk (find Zelenchuk streams). River-water is used for irrigation. Brief, mainly saline ponds abound; the greatest is the slim however, 160-km-long Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the situated Stavropol region stayed sparsely populated by the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a Turkic-speaking some body) and you can Kalmyk anybody (an effective Mongol-speaking class), who together numbered on the 80,000
New earth about west and you can central area of the Stavropol area try certain chernozems and you can chestnut grounds; on eastern and northeast they getting light chestnut. The latest natural vegetation and transform eastward which have declining humidity, regarding meadow fescuefeather turf steppe so you’re able to lifeless fescuefeather grass steppe immediately after which semidesert flowers off wormwood, deceased fescue, and you can feather yard. In the alot more moist the main Stavropol Upland as well as in the latest Caucasus hills the newest pure plants is tree-steppe which have pine-hornbeam-beech forest. Now the steppe additionally the forest-steppe are practically totally cleared to have farming.
Records. Throughout the mid-16th century the fresh Caucasus plus the Stavropol region started to come with the experience of Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and seventeenth ages Subcaucasia experienced this new beginnings out of Cossack colonization (the Wear Cossacks on western and Terek Cossacks in new eastern). Caucasian hill individuals, the brand new Karachai plus the Cherkess, stayed in brand new hills of one’s part.
Early in the fresh eighteenth century brand new Stavropol region nominally turned into part of the Russian Kingdom. Long lasting settlements, yet not, were not depending till the history quarter of the century, when, in the 177780, new Russian government established a type of forts, this new Mozdok-Azov range, having headquarters within Stavropol, to contain the Caucasian slope peoples. Because of the 1785 new Stavropol part molded part of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated an effective gubernia in the 1802. Following multiple identity transform it was appointed since Stavropol gubernia within the 1847. Its boundaries was indeed in the end fixed for the 1861, if it is split out-of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as 1898) wasn’t part of Caucasus krai.
Before the 1930s the latest Stavropol part is settled because of the one another Ukrainians and you can Russians, and you can constituted part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The new Russian bodies advertised the fresh new fast colonization of the Stavropol region to help you introduce a bottom getting armed forces methods on Caucasus. Element of one to point was attained by the fresh granting of choice tracts out of property so you’re able to Russian noblemen, who Ha??ti femmes [1] settled these with the serfs. A more tall cause of colonization, yet not, is actually the new spontaneous payment from the county peasants who have been unimpeded from the brand new central authorities. Indeed the purple authorities legalized extant claims to the ukase regarding 1804 and you will considering service to those who had compensated in the this new Stavropol region. Towards the end of your 1850s the people out-of Stavropol gubernia got risen up to 340,000 (5.5 individuals per sq km). The only city, Stavropol, grew from about step 3,000 customers from inside the 1800 to help you 17,600 customers when you look at the 1853. The essential densely settled section have been the fresh steppes within Yegorlyk and also the Kalaus rivers therefore the Kalaus Lake area. The populace out-of Stavropol gubernia (in addition to Terek oblast) in the 1853 consisted of forty-eight.eight per cent Cossacks, thirty-two percent condition peasants, 16.dos % nomadic herders, and you may step 3.one percent serfs while others.